ʻO kekahi o nā hopohopo maʻamau me ka lāʻau lapaʻau kukui ʻulaʻula ʻo ia ka ʻāpana o ka maka. Makemake ka poʻe e hoʻohana i nā kukui ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻili o ka maka, akā hopohopo lākou ʻaʻole kūpono ke kukui ʻulaʻula ʻālohilohi i kuhikuhi ʻia ma laila no ko lākou mau maka. Aia kekahi mea e hopohopo ai? Hiki i ke kukui ʻulaʻula ke hōʻino i nā maka? a i ʻole hiki ke lilo i mea pono loa a kōkua i ka ho'ōla ʻana i ko mākou mau maka?
Hoʻolauna
ʻO nā maka paha nā ʻāpana palupalu loa a makamae loa o ko kākou kino. ʻO ka ʻike maka he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o ko kākou ʻike ʻike, a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia i kā kākou hana o kēlā me kēia lā. He ʻike nui nā maka kanaka i ka mālamalama, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o 10 miliona mau kala pākahi. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka mālamalama ma waena o nā nalu o 400nm a me 700nm.
ʻAʻohe o mākou lako e ʻike ai i ke kukui infrared kokoke (e like me ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kukui infrared), e like me kā mākou ʻike ʻole ʻana i nā nalu ʻē aʻe o ka radiation EM e like me UV, Microwaves, a pēlā aku. Ua hōʻoia ʻia nei e hiki i ka maka ke ʻike i hoʻokahi photon. E like me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino, ua hana ʻia nā maka me nā cell, nā cell kūikawā, e hana ana i nā hana kūikawā. Loaʻa iā mākou nā cell rod e ʻike i ka ikaika o ke kukui, nā cell cone e ʻike i ke kala, nā cell epithelial like ʻole, nā cell hana humor, nā cell hana collagen, a pēlā aku. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau cell (a me nā ʻiʻo) he palupalu i kekahi ʻano kukui. Loaʻa i nā cell āpau nā pono mai kekahi mau ʻano kukui ʻē aʻe. Ua piʻi nui ka noiʻi ma ia wahi i nā makahiki 10 i hala.
ʻO wai ke kala/ka lōʻihi o ke kukui he pono no nā maka?
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā haʻawina e kuhikuhi ana i nā hopena maikaʻi e hoʻohana i nā LED ma ke ʻano he kumu kukui me ka hapa nui a puni ka nalu o 670nm (ʻulaʻula). ʻAʻole naʻe ka lōʻihi o ka nalu a me ke ʻano/kumu kukui wale nō nā mea nui, no ka mea, ʻo ka ikaika o ka mālamalama a me ka manawa hōʻike e hoʻopilikia i nā hopena.
Pehea e kōkua ai ke kukui ʻulaʻula i nā maka?
No ka mea, ʻo ko kākou mau maka ke kino mua e ʻike i ka mālamalama, manaʻo paha kekahi he pili ka omo ʻana o ke kukui ʻulaʻula e ko kākou mau cone ʻulaʻula i nā hopena i ʻike ʻia ma ka noiʻi. ʻAʻole kēia ka hihia piha.
ʻO ke kumumanaʻo mua e wehewehe ana i nā hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kukui ʻulaʻula a kokoke i ka infrared, ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino, e pili ana i nā pilina ma waena o ke kukui a me ka mitochondria. ʻO ka hana nui o ka mitochondria ka hana ʻana i ka ikehu no kāna cell -Hoʻomaikaʻi ka light therapy i kona hiki ke hana i ka ikehu.
ʻO nā maka o kānaka, a ʻo nā pūnaewele o ka retina, nā koi metabolic kiʻekiʻe loa o nā ʻiʻo āpau i ke kino holoʻokoʻa - pono lākou i ka nui o ka ikehu. ʻO ke ala wale nō e hoʻokō ai i kēia koi kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana o nā pūnaewele i nā mitochondria he nui - a no laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha he nui loa ka nui o ka mitochondria i loko o nā pūnaewele i loko o nā maka ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kukui ma o ka launa pū ʻana me ka mitochondria, a ʻo nā maka ka mea nona ka waiwai nui o ka mitochondria i loko o ke kino, he manaʻo kūpono ia e kuhiakau ʻia e loaʻa pū ka hopena koʻikoʻi loa i nā maka i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke koena o ke kino. Ma luna o kēlā, ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hou e pili pono ana ka degeneration o ka maka a me ka retina i ka hana ʻino o ka mitochondrial. No laila, ʻo kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ai ke hoʻihoʻi i ka mitochondria, he nui, i loko o ka maka, ʻo ia ke ala kūpono loa.
ʻO ka nalu maikaʻi loa o ke kukui
ʻO ke kukui 670nm, kahi ʻano kukui ʻulaʻula hohonu i ʻike ʻia, ʻo ia ka mea i aʻo nui ʻia no nā maʻi maka āpau. ʻO nā nalu ʻē aʻe me nā hopena maikaʻi e komo pū ana me 630nm, 780nm, 810nm & 830nm. ʻO ka Laser vs. LEDs - he memo Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kukui ʻulaʻula mai nā lasers a i ʻole nā LED ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino, ʻoiai aia kekahi ʻokoʻa no nā lasers - nā maka. ʻAʻole kūpono nā Lasers no ka hoʻōla kukui o nā maka.
ʻO kēia ma muli o ke ʻano kukuna like/koʻikoʻi o ke kukui laser, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e ka lens o ka maka i kahi kiko liʻiliʻi. Hiki i ke kukuna holoʻokoʻa o ke kukui laser ke komo i ka maka a ua hoʻopili ʻia kēlā ikehu āpau i loko o kahi wahi liʻiliʻi ikaika ma ka retina, e hāʻawi ana i kahi mana nui loa, a hiki ke puhi/hōʻino ma hope o kekahi mau kekona wale nō. Puka mai ke kukui LED ma kahi kihi a no laila ʻaʻohe o kēia pilikia.
Ka nui o ka mana a me ka nui o ka lāʻau
Hele ke kukui ʻulaʻula ma o ka maka me ka hoʻoili ʻana ma luna o 95%. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia no ke kukui infrared kokoke a like no nā kukui ʻike ʻē aʻe e like me ka uliuli/ʻōmaʻomaʻo/melemele. Ma muli o kēia komo kiʻekiʻe o ke kukui ʻulaʻula, pono nā maka i kahi ʻano lapaʻau like me ka ʻili. Hoʻohana nā haʻawina ma kahi o 50mW/cm2 ka nui o ka mana, me nā dosis haʻahaʻa loa o 10J/cm2 a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka dosis lāʻau lapaʻau kukui, e ʻike i kēia pou.
Mālamalama maikaʻi ʻole no nā maka
He mea ʻino no nā maka nā nalu polū, poni a me nā kukui UV (200nm-480nm), e pili ana i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka retinal a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i ka cornea, humor, lens a me ke aʻalolo optical. Hoʻokomo pū kēia i ke kukui polū pololei, akā ʻo ke kukui polū hoʻi ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā kukui keʻokeʻo e like me nā kukui LED hale/alanui a i ʻole nā pale kamepiula/kelepona. ʻO nā kukui keʻokeʻo ʻālohilohi, ʻoiai nā mea me ka mahana kala kiʻekiʻe (3000k+), he pakeneka nui o ke kukui polū a ʻaʻole olakino no nā maka. ʻO ka lā, ʻoiai ka lā awakea e hōʻike ʻia ana mai ka wai, aia pū kekahi pakeneka kiʻekiʻe o ka polū, e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka maka i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, kānana ka lewa o ka honua (hoʻopuehu) i ke kukui polū i kekahi ʻano - kahi hana i kapa ʻia ʻo 'rayleigh scattering' - akā he nui nō ka lā awakea, e like me ka lā ma ka lewa i ʻike ʻia e nā astronauts. Hoʻopili ka wai i ke kukui ʻulaʻula ma mua o ke kukui polū, no laila ʻo ke ʻano o ka lā mai nā loko/moana/etc he kumu polū i ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻAʻole wale ka lā i hōʻike ʻia e hiki ke hana ʻino, ʻoiai ʻo ka 'maka o ka mea heʻe nalu' he pilikia maʻamau e pili ana i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka maka o ka mālamalama UV. Hiki i nā mea hele wāwae, nā mea hahai holoholona a me nā mea hana waho ke hoʻomohala i kēia. ʻO nā luina kuʻuna e like me nā luna o ka moku kaua kahiko a me nā poʻe ʻaihue e loaʻa mau ana nā pilikia ʻike ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, ʻo ia hoʻi ma muli o nā ʻōlinolino o ka lā kai, i hoʻonui ʻia e nā pilikia meaʻai. Hiki i nā nalu infrared mamao (a me ka wela ma ke ʻano laulā) ke hōʻino i nā maka, e like me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, hiki mai ka hōʻino hana ke mahana loa nā ʻāpana (46°C+ / 115°F+). ʻO nā limahana i nā hana e pili ana i ka umu kahiko e like me ka hoʻokele ʻenekini a me ka puhi aniani ua loaʻa mau nā pilikia maka (ʻoiai ʻo ka wela e hoʻomālamalama ana mai nā ahi/umahu he infrared mamao). He mea hōʻino paha ka mālamalama laser no nā maka, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna. ʻO kahi mea e like me ka laser polū a UV paha ka mea luku loa, akā hiki i nā laser ʻōmaʻomaʻo, melemele, ʻulaʻula a kokoke i ka infrared ke hōʻeha.
Ua kōkua nā maʻi maka
ʻIke laulā - ka ʻike maka, Cataracts, Diabetic Retinopathy, Macular Degeneration - aka AMD a i ʻole ka macular degeration pili i ka makahiki, Refractive Errors, Glaucoma, Dry Eye, nā mea lana.
Nā noi kūpono
Ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kukui ma nā maka ma mua o ka lā (a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana i ka mālamalama keʻokeʻo ʻālohilohi). Hoʻohana i kēlā me kēia lā/pule e pale aku i ka pohō o nā maka.